In February 2021, Paul Austin and Tenisha Tate-Austin, a Black couple living in Marin City, California, decided to refinance their home after spending about $400,000 on renovations. They expected their home value to increase significantly from the original purchase price of $890,000 in 2016. However, they were shocked when the appraiser they hired valued their home at just $995,000 – barely more than what they paid for it five years ago.
How the Black Couple Devised an Undercover Operation with Their White Friends to Expose a Racist Appraiser Undervaluing Their Home
The couple suspected that the appraiser had discriminated against them based on their race and decided to conduct their own undercover operation. They asked a white friend of theirs to pose as the homeowner and removed all traces of their presence from the house, including family photos and books by Black authors. They then requested another appraisal from a different company.
The result was astounding: The second appraisal came back at $1.48 million – almost 50% higher than the first one. The couple felt vindicated, but also outraged by the blatant racial bias they had experienced. They filed a federal housing discrimination lawsuit against the first appraiser, her company, and the company that hired her.
The lawsuit alleged that the appraiser had violated the Fair Housing Act by intentionally undervaluing their home because of their race and depriving them of equal access to credit opportunities. It also claimed that the appraiser had used outdated and inaccurate comparable sales data to justify her low valuation.
In March 2023, after two years of litigation, the couple settled their lawsuit with appraiser’s company for an undisclosed amount. The settlement also required the appraiser to attend training sessions on segregation, and agree not to discriminate in the future. The lawsuit against the company that hired her is allegedly still pending.
Scary Stats Showing How Racism Impacts the Real Estate Market
The case of Paul Austin and Tenisha Tate-Austin is not an isolated incident. According to a study by Brookings Institution in 2018, homes in majority-Black neighborhoods are undervalued by an average of $48,000 compared to similar homes in majority-white neighborhoods across the country. This amounts to a cumulative loss of $156 billion in Black homeowners’ wealth.
The study also found that racial disparities in home values persist even after controlling for factors such as housing quality, neighborhood amenities, education levels, income levels, and crime rates. The authors concluded that racial bias among appraisers, lenders, real estate agents, buyers, and sellers is one of the main drivers of this gap.
Racial discrimination in housing has long-term consequences for Black families and communities. It limits the ability to build equity and wealth through homeownership; it reduces access to credit and capital for education or business; it affects health outcomes due to environmental hazards; it undermines social mobility and political representation, also it perpetuates intergenerational poverty and inequality.